• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In a method for finding an object (4), in particular a surface provided with an optically scannable code, by means of a mobile electronic device (1) having an image sensor and for aligning the mobile device (1) with the object (4), is a Search phase provided in the identification of the object (4) an optical, acoustic and / or tactile signal is generated, further an approximation phase in which signals are generated, which signal the user an approaching movement until the entire object (4) within the detection range of the image sensor, and also an adjustment phase in which signals are generated, which signal the user an adjustment movement until the entire object (4) is located within the predefined portion of the detection area.
    公开号:AT514398A1
    申请号:T412/2013
    申请日:2013-05-17
    公开日:2014-12-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Moorecroft Llp；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    May 17 20 1 3 9:55
    Haff ne & Keschmann
    No. 4228 p. 4
    The invention relates to a method for finding an object, in particular a surface provided with an optically scannable code, by means of a mobile electronic device having an image sensor and for aligning the mobile device with the object.
    Mobile devices with an image sensor, graphic display, speakers and vibration module enable applications where there is a need to detect physical objects. A classic application is the scanning of graphic codes, e.g. Barcodes or QR codes. Such codes consist of an arrangement, e.g. in the form of a square matrix of black and white dots or dashes representing the coded data in binary form. If such codes are recorded by means of an image sensor of a mobile device, they can be decoded and further processed in the device. Due to the limited representation density of the graphic codes, the coded data usually only represent a reference, such as e.g. Internet link, to the actual data, which must subsequently be retrieved via a telecommunications connection and so brought to the mobile device.
    But there are also already known graphic codes that a much higher representation density or
    Resolution, for example, by extending the color spectrum of black and white on a variety of colors. Reference is made to WO 2008/131470 Al. Such codes are able to encode audio and / or video content that can be played back directly on the mobile device without requiring a communication link to a server or the like. Possible applications are the coding of speech content for illiterate people, the blind 17/05/2013 09:56 2/27 No .: R120 P.004 / 025 7 May 20 1 3 9:55 Haffner & Keschmann No. 4228 p. 5
    2 or people who do not speak the local language.
    In order to realize such applications, it is necessary to enable the user to place the mobile device in spatial relation to the physical object in such a way that the object enters the detection range of the image sensor. This is not a problem under normal circumstances because the conventional devices are configured so that the image taken by the image sensor is displayed in real time on a display of the device so that the user can change the position of the device including the image sensor until the image is displayed Object or the graphic code is located in the detection area or in a predefined section of the detection area, whereupon the graphic code can be scanned. With limited sensorics of the user, e.g. in the case of weak eyesight or blindness, however, this is not readily possible.
    The present invention therefore aims to provide a method which makes it easier for the user to select an object, such as an object. to bring a graphic code in the detection range of the image sensor of a mobile device.
    In order to achieve this object, the method essentially comprises, in a search phase, moving the mobile device while the image sensor captures images of the environment and performing an electronic image analysis to identify characteristic features of the object to be located, wherein when identifying the mobile device 09:56 3/27 No .: R120 P.005 / 025 17, May 2013 9:55 Haff ne r & Keschmann No. 4228 S.
    Object, an optical, acoustic and / or tactile signal is generated, in an approximation phase, the detection by means of the image sensor of images and making an electronic image analysis to what extent the identified object is within the detection range of the image sensor, depending on As a result of the image evaluation, optical, acoustic and / or tactile signals are generated which signal the user an approaching movement until the entire object is within the detection range of the image sensor and in an adjustment phase, the acquisition by the image sensor of images of the object and the making an electronic image evaluation to the effect whether the object is within a predefined portion of the detection range of the image sensor, wherein depending on the result of the image evaluation optical, acoustic and / or tactile signals are generated, the user Signal adjustment movement until the entire object is within the predefined subarea of the detection area.
    The inventive method is preferred as a software application on a mobile electronic device, such. A mobile phone is implemented and allows a user due to the three-step approach, even with limited sensors to find a physical object efficiently and reliably. The user is reduced by the inventive sequence of search steps to the holder of the device, since the application itself can decide to what extent the 4/27 P.006 / 025 17/05/2013 09:56 No .: R120 17 May 2013 9 : 56 Haffner & Keschmann No. 4228 S.
    spatial relationship between the mobile device and the physical object to be found. The user decides to what extent the spatial reference is given not itself, but is guided by the application. The communication between the application and the user takes place as a function of the sensor technology available to the user (sense of hearing, sense of sight, sense of touch) by optical, acoustic and / or tactile signals. A preferred embodiment provides that the type of signal generation (optical, acoustic and / or tactile) can be set as a function of the functionality and the environmental impairments of the sensor of the user. Thus, e.g. a blind person can concentrate better on his remaining senses and come close to the same application result as a person without impairment. In high-noise environments, a sighted person can focus more on his or her sense of sight rather than on acoustic signals.
    The structuring of the search procedure into three sections allows an efficient and fast retrieval of an object, since first (search phase) only a rough and thus fast localization of the object and only in the subsequent steps (approach phase, adjustment phase) a more detailed position evaluation. As a result, the usually limited computing capacity of the mobile device can be optimally utilized. The division of the method into three sections also makes it possible to better inform the user, by selecting phase-specific signals, which of the individual phases he is in, so that the user can adapt his search movements. This further achieves the advantage that 17/05/2013 09:57
    5/27 No .: R120 P .007 / 025 17th May 20 1 3 9:56 Haffner & Keschmann
    No. 4228 p. 8 «· ♦ · • o ©
    Process the first rough search to fine-tune when approaching to realize in different levels of perception. In this way, it is possible to exploit the fact that the human being reacts faster and more precisely to optical and acoustic stimuli than to a spoken word. Thus, e.g. the communication with the user in the first search phase by means of an acoustic signal, e.g. a continuous tone, wherein the volume is modulated depending on the spatial relationship between the object and the mobile device. The louder the sound, the more the spatial reference is given. Should the spatial reference be rough, the signaling can take place by means of voice reproduction in the subsequent approach phase. Prompts like " to the right " already provide the user with the location of the object to the device. Shifts and rotations of the mobile device with respect to the object can be done very accurately and understandably by voice instructions. In the subsequent adjustment phase, moving the mobile device relative to the object, e.g. be supported by a combination of modulated tone sequences, visual representations and vibrations.
    The recording of environmental images by means of an image sensor provided in the method according to the invention and the electronic evaluation of the recorded images can be performed with conventional mobile devices, e.g. Mobile phones ("smartphones") can be easily realized. Most mobile phones have an image sensor anyway, which allows the recording of still or moving images. The image analysis can preferably be carried out by means of a software application, the expert being able to use the appropriate program instructions. 17/05/2013 09:57 6/27 Nr .: R120 P.008 / 025 17. Mai 2013 9:56
    Haffner & Keschmann
    No. 4228 p. 9
    are basically known and depend on which goal the image analysis pursues. Thus, the image evaluation in the search phase preferably comprises an algorithm for edge finding, in particular a Sobel algorithm, a Laplace filter or a Canny algorithm. These are algorithms which are familiar to the person skilled in the art and can easily be implemented in software, the computing capacities of conventional mobile telephones being sufficient to achieve a real-time evaluation. To facilitate edge detection, it may be provided that the object to be found, such as e.g. the applied code is surrounded by or has a characteristic frame optically lifted from the surrounding surface.
    The quality and the speed of the image evaluation naturally depend on the data volume to be evaluated. In this context, an optimization preferably succeeds in that the images are acquired in the search phase with a higher frame rate and / or with a lower image resolution than in the approximation phase. In the search phase, a higher frame rate is advantageous to account for faster movement of the mobile device. On the other hand, the resolution can be reduced to such an extent that the mentioned identification of the searched object, e.g. is just possible with the help of an edge finding algorithm. In the approach and / or the adjustment phase, the image refresh rate can be lowered because the movements of the mobile device in these phases take place only to a lesser extent. However, in these phases, a higher image resolution is advantageous in order to allow the most detailed possible image analysis to determine whether the object is located in a precisely defined detection range of the image sensor. 7/27 P.009 / 025 17/05/2013 09:57 No .: R120
    No. 4228 p. 10 May 17, 2013 9:57 am Haffner & Keschmann
    The object to be found is in particular an area with an optically scannable code. The code is embodied, for example, as a QR code or as a code according to WO 2008/131470 A1. In particular, such code consists of an array, e.g. in the form of a square matrix of black and white or colored dots or dashes representing the coded data in binary form. In the case of the training according to WO 2008/131470 A1, the data are coded in color and pixels and the coded data with raster, Farbkalibrierungs- and / or key information applied to a support surface in optically readable form, wherein the color or pixels scanned by an optoelectronic sensor and decoded using the raster, color calibration and / or key information. By providing raster, color calibration and / or key information in addition to the color and image points, it is possible to make a significantly greater number of different colors reliably distinguishable and in this way to increase the data density on a display area. Advantageously, the raster, color calibration and / or key information may be applied as frames surrounding the encoded data, such frame forming a characteristic element that is particularly easy to identify in the context of edge finding.
    After the searched object or code has been found, i. after completion of the three phases provided by the invention, the mobile device is positioned so that the code is e.g. with the built-in image sensor 17/05/2013 09:58 8/27 No .: R120 P.010 / 025 17.May 2013 9:57 Haffner & Keschmann • • 4 * · Φ • • • • • • • • • Φ • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • O • t ·"··** 8th*
    No. 4223 p. 11 can be scanned and decoded. This operation can be done, for example, by pressing a key or by touching a predetermined area of a touch-sensitive display ("touchscreen"). However, pressing a trigger button or the like by the user is almost always affected by the movement of the human hand and its fingers, so that shake and thus deviation of the captured image from the position set in the adjustment phase may occur. To avoid this, a preferred embodiment of the invention provides an automatic mode. Hereby, after completion of the adjustment phase, a digital image of the object is automatically taken, and the image data is decoded using a decoding rule in the electronic device and the decoded data of a media player, such as a video recorder. supplied to an audio and / or video player device of the device.
    As already mentioned, in the three phases of the method according to the invention, the user can be instructed in different ways to perform search, approach or adjustment movements, wherein the selection of the communication channel (optical, acoustic, tactile) in particular from the perception limitation of the respective User depends. The subdivision of the search process into three phases makes it possible, as is preferred, to carry out the signaling in each phase in a different way than in the respective other phases. In the following, various preferred procedures are explained that are particularly suitable for blind users. 17/05/2013 09:58 9/27 No .: R120 P.011 / 025 17.May 2013 9:57 Haffner & Keschmann No. 4228 8. 12
    In this case, it is preferably provided that the generation of an acoustic signal in the search phase involves a change in a physical property, such as e.g. the volume or pitch of a continuous tone. The continuous tone indicates that the application is active and in search mode. The user can search the object by moving the device around, and the continuous tone will undergo modulation (e.g., louder) when the device has identified the object in the search phase.
    By contrast, in the approximation phase, a signal with binary information content (object identified / unidentified) is generally not sufficient, but it would be advantageous to signal it in such a way that the user is guided to defined approach movements. In this case, a preferred procedure provides that a voice instruction is generated as an acoustic signal in the approach phase. In particular, it can be provided that the electronic device has stored separate voice instructions for different degrees of freedom of the approach movement and that the stored voice instructions are signaled separately from one another. For example, translational movements in three mutually perpendicular spatial directions and tilting movements about three tilt axes extending in mutually perpendicular spatial directions are to be understood as degrees of freedom.
    In the adjustment phase, the signaling is preferably not done by discrete signal values, but by a continuously variable gradation of the signals, the change depending in particular on the deviation of the current position of the device from the target position 17/05/2013 09:58 10/27 No. : R120 P.012 / 025
    No. 4228 p. 13 May 17, 2013 9:58 Haffner & Keschmann
    can. In this context, the method is preferably carried out in such a way that the adjusting movements in the adjustment phase are signaled by means of a change in an acoustic signal. In particular, the change in the acoustic signal comprises a change of a sound parameter, such as a sound parameter. the frequency, the volume, the duration, the distortion and / or the flank of a sound. Particularly preferably, each degree of freedom of the adjustment movement here is associated with a different parameter of the sound change.
    To further facilitate the finding of the target position, it may be provided that the images taken by the image sensor during the search phase, the approach phase and / or the adjustment phase are displayed in real time on a display of the device. However, this is useful only for sighted users.
    The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a process sequence shown in the drawing. FIG. 2 shows the search phase, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 the approach phase, and FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 the adjustment phase.
    In Fig. 1, a mobile device in the form of a mobile phone (" Smartphone ") is designated 1 and has a large electronic display device 2, e.g. in the form of a "touchscreen" on. An image sensor (e.g., a two-dimensional CCD array sensor) is disposed on the back of the device 1 and therefore not visible. The device 1 has a mode to be activated by software, in which the images taken by the image sensor are continuously and in real time on the screen 2 as a moving image 17:05/2013 09:59 11/27 No .: R120 P. 013/025
    No. 4228 p. 14 May 17, 201 3 9:58 Haffner & Keschmann
    are displayed. Furthermore, the device 1 has an acoustic signal device, namely a loudspeaker 3. The device 1 has installed a software application which provides the functions required for carrying out the method according to the invention, in particular image acquisition, image evaluation and the generation of signals as a function of the result of the image evaluation.
    With 4, the object to be found is designated, which is formed in the present embodiment as surrounded by a frame 5, grid-like arrangement of colored pixels.
    In the state shown in Fig.l there is still no relation between the device 1 and the object 4. The user is signaled by a continuous tone 6 that the search phase is activated. The search phase searches for specific object features that only match the searched object. The specific object feature may e.g. be a special color design of the frame 5 of the object 4. The search is performed with a high refresh rate of the image sensor (in particular 5-10 frames per second) and a low resolution (in particular 400-800 pixels vertically and 500-1000 pixels horizontally). The images continuously captured by the image sensor are subjected to image evaluation in real time using an edge-finding algorithm, such as e.g. according to Sobel, Canny or Laplace, in order to determine the presence of the specific object feature within the detection range of the image sensor. 12/27 P.014 / 025 17/05/2013 09:59 No .: R120 May 17 20 1 3 9:58 Haffner & Keschmann No. 4228 p. 15
    The user perceives the volume of the continuous tone 6 and moves the device 1 until the signal undergoes a change / in particular an increase in the volume <Fig. 2). This signal is generated by the software application as soon as the specific object feature is involved in the image evaluation of the object to be found is identified. From this moment the object is &quot; found &quot; and it begins the approach phase.
    The approach phase is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. In the starting position (FIG. 3), the object is at least partially in the detection range of the image sensor. At this time, the refresh rate can be reduced and the image resolution increased, since the movements by the human hand compared to the search phase are already minor. Algorithms for finding edges as well as for the search phase can also be used in the image analysis, whereby the direction and angular position of the object is now calculated in particular. The evaluation is similar to a "level measurement", i. a determination of what proportion of the identified object is within the detection range of the image sensor. If, as in the present example, an object has a circumferential rectangular frame 5, it is determined which part of the frame and how much of the entire object are in the visible range.
    In order for the user to be able to make approximate movements to bring the entire object into the detection range of the image sensor, spatial information is required that must be provided by clear signaling. A speech output has proved to be most effective, since the transmission of six degrees of freedom (3 shifts dx / dy / dz, 3 17/05/2013 09:59 13/27 no.: R120 P. 015/025 17.May 201 3 9 : 59
    Haffner &amp; Keschmann
    No. 4228 p. 16 • © © ··············· © © © © · © © · · 9 · ····
    Twists rx / ry / rz) over a pure tone modulation is complex and requires a longer learning curve. An optical signaling could be additional supportive, since the perception of spatial representations also requires learning. It has been found that an alternating sequence of
    Displacement instructions (e.g., "shift left") and twist statements (e.g., "turn left") yield good results. Instead of a strictly alternating sequence of shift instructions and twist instructions, the decision as to whether a shift instruction or a twist instruction is generated is made each time based on a predetermined algorithm. For example, it is possible to proceed in such a way that the position error is determined in comparison to the target position which occurs after execution of a shift instruction and after execution of a rotational instruction. The movement that results in a lesser position error will be given preference in the sequence. As a rule, user rotations are made coarser than shifts. In addition, it may be preferred to proceed in such a way that precedence is given with displacement of approximately the same magnitude by displacement and rotation of the displacement. It could in fact happen that the user gets into an endless loop of permanent twisting movements (turn right - turn left - turn right - turn left). With a reasonable weighting, the user can be pulled out of such an infinite loop by introducing shifts, even though the actual position error would be more likely to suggest a twist. The application of a hysteresis algorithm can cause &quot; overreactions &quot; to defuse the user physically by a physically 14/27 .016 / 025 17/05/2013 10:00 No .: R120
    No. 4228 p. 17 May 17, 201 3 9:59 Haffner &amp; Keschmann
    14 correct sequence of motion sequences a damping is imposed in order to counteract the reaction inertia of the user,
    Only when all parts belonging to the object are in the detection range of the image sensor or in the area displayed on the screen (FIG. 4), is the next phase (adjustment phase) proceeded.
    The adjustment phase is shown in Figures 5 and 6. Once the mobile device 1 is in spatial relation to the object 4, fine tuning is necessary to make the device "sweet spot". To bring, so the spatial position of the device, where the application can achieve the best possible result. Here, speech commands are less responsive, as they would trigger gross motor movements. Therefore, a sound modulation has proved to be the cheapest, the sound in turn can be modulated by frequency, but also by volume, duration, distortion and flank. Also optical and tactile signals are useful here.
    An adjustment movement may be required for various reasons. For example, if the object has relatively small dimensions, the mobile device must be brought relatively close to the object. This also reduces the size of the "sweet spots". Therefore, it is necessary to perform the last movements of the human hand very sensitively. To realize this, a combination of optical and acoustic signals has proved to be the optimum. Thus, it is advantageous to any deviation from the "sweet spot". in small changes in value. Here comes above all the sound modulation in 17/05/2013 10:00 15/27 No .: R120 P.017 / 025 17. May 201 3 9:59 Haff ne r &amp; Keschmann no. 4228 p. 18 ·· ·· • · · · · · · · ··· • ·· ·················································································
    Frequency, volume, duration, distortion and flank used. Each deviation is decomposed into the 6 degrees of freedom and assigned to each degree of freedom of a given modulation. So after a few exercises the user can learn how to move the mobile device due to the sound modulation.
    Once the "sweet spot" between the two parallel alignment pines 7 (Figure 6), a predefined signal, e.g. a voice instruction, generated or a tactile feedback (vibration), which signals a holding the device. Furthermore, a color change of alignment lines 7 on the screen can be done.
    Thereafter, the application automatically triggers the recording of the object. Finally, the captured image is decoded and the decoded data is sent to a media player, such as a media player. an audio and / or video player, the device supplied. 17/05/2013 10:00 16/27 No .: R120 P.018 / 025
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    May 17, 2013 10:00 Haff ne r &amp; Keschimann No. 4228 p. 19

    • · • · · · · · o ·


    [2]
    A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the generation of an acoustic signal in the search phase involves a change in a physical property, e.g. the volume or pitch, of a continuous tone (6).
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a voice instruction is generated as an acoustic signal in the approach phase.
    [4]
    4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the electronic device for different degrees of freedom of approach movement has stored separate voice instructions and that the stored voice instructions are signaled separately from each other.
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the adjusting movements are signaled in the adjustment phase by means of a change of an acoustic signal.
    [6]
    A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the change in the acoustic signal is a change in a sound parameter, e.g. frequency, volume, duration, distortion and / or flank of a sound. 17/05/2013 10:01 18/27 No.: R120 P.020 / 025
    May 17, 2013 10:00 am H &amp;amp;amp; Kischmann No. 4228 p. 21 • · o · ·


    [7]
    7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that each degree of freedom of the adjustment movement is assigned a different parameter of the sound change.
    [8]
    8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that after completion of the adjustment automatically a digital image of the object (4) is recorded, the image data using a decoding rule in the electronic device {1) are decoded and the decoded data of a Media player, such as an audio and / or video player, the device (1) are supplied.
    [9]
    9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the images taken by the image sensor during the search phase, the approach phase and / or the adjustment phase images in real time on a display (2) of the device (1) are displayed.
    9 ·

    Claims 1. A method for locating an object, in particular a surface provided with an optically scannable code, by means of a mobile electronic device having an image sensor and aligning the mobile device with the object, comprising, in a search phase, moving the mobile device ( 1) while the image sensor detects images of the environment and performing an electronic image analysis to identify characteristic features of the object to be located (4), wherein upon identification of the object (4) an optical, acoustic and / or tactile signal is generated in one Approaching phase, the acquisition by means of the image sensor of images and making an electronic image analysis to what extent the identified object (4) is within the detection range of the image sensor, wherein depending on the result of the image analysis generates optical, acoustic and / or tactile signals who that signal the user an approaching movement until the entire object (4) is within the detection range of the image sensor, and in an adjustment phase, capturing by means of the image sensor images of the object (4) and making an electronic image evaluation as to whether the object (4) is located within a predefined subarea of the detection range of the image sensor, wherein, depending on the result of the image evaluation, optical, acoustic and / or tactile signals are generated, which correspond to the 17/05/2013 10:01 17/27 No .: R120 P.019 / 025 No. 4228 p. 20 1, May 2013 10:00 Haffner &amp; Keschmann

    β O 17 ** Users signal an adjustment movement until the entire object (4) is within the predefined subarea of the detection area.
    [10]
    10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the images are detected in the search phase with higher refresh rate and / or with lower image resolution than in the approximation phase.
    [11]
    11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the image evaluation in the search phase comprises an algorithm for edge finding, in particular a Sobel algorithm, a Laplace filter or a Canny algorithm comprises. Vienna, 17 May 2013 Applicants by:

    Haffner and Keafchmann PateiM Fälte (imbH 17/05/2013 10:01 19/27 No.: R120 P.021 / 025
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